gnunet-communicator-udp.c

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/*
     This file is part of GNUnet
     Copyright (C) 2010-2014, 2018, 2019 GNUnet e.V.

     GNUnet is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
     under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
     by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,
     or (at your option) any later version.

     GNUnet is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
     WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
     Affero General Public License for more details.

     You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
     along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

     SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL3.0-or-later
*/

#include "platform.h"
#include "gnunet_util_lib.h"
#include "gnunet_protocols.h"
#include "gnunet_signatures.h"
#include "gnunet_constants.h"
#include "gnunet_nt_lib.h"
#include "gnunet_nat_service.h"
#include "gnunet_statistics_service.h"
#include "gnunet_transport_application_service.h"
#include "gnunet_transport_communication_service.h"

#define REKEY_TIME_INTERVAL GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_DAYS

#define PROTO_QUEUE_TIMEOUT GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_MINUTES

#define BROADCAST_FREQUENCY GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_MINUTES

#define INTERFACE_SCAN_FREQUENCY \
  GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_MINUTES, 5)

#define ADDRESS_VALIDITY_PERIOD GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_HOURS

#define AES_KEY_SIZE (256 / 8)

#define AES_IV_SIZE (96 / 8)

#define GCM_TAG_SIZE (128 / 8)

#define KCN_THRESHOLD 92

#define KCN_TARGET 128

#define MAX_SQN_DELTA 160

#define MAX_SECRETS 128

#define REKEY_MAX_BYTES (1024LLU * 1024 * 1024 * 4LLU)

#define COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX "udp"

#define COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION "communicator-udp"

GNUNET_NETWORK_STRUCT_BEGIN


struct UdpHandshakeSignature
{
  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccSignaturePurpose purpose;

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity sender;

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity receiver;

  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePublicKey ephemeral;

  struct GNUNET_TIME_AbsoluteNBO monotonic_time;
};


struct InitialKX
{

  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePublicKey ephemeral;

  char gcm_tag[GCM_TAG_SIZE];
};


struct UDPConfirmation
{
  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity sender;

  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaSignature sender_sig;

  struct GNUNET_TIME_AbsoluteNBO monotonic_time;

  /* followed by messages */

  /* padding may follow actual messages */
};


struct UDPAck
{

  struct GNUNET_MessageHeader header;

  uint32_t sequence_max GNUNET_PACKED;

  struct GNUNET_HashCode cmac;
};


struct UdpBroadcastSignature
{
  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccSignaturePurpose purpose;

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity sender;

  struct GNUNET_HashCode h_address;
};


struct UDPBroadcast
{

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity sender;

  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaSignature sender_sig;
};


struct UDPBox
{

  struct GNUNET_ShortHashCode kid;

  char gcm_tag[GCM_TAG_SIZE];
};


GNUNET_NETWORK_STRUCT_END

struct SharedSecret;


struct KeyCacheEntry
{

  struct KeyCacheEntry *next;

  struct KeyCacheEntry *prev;

  struct GNUNET_ShortHashCode kid;

  struct SharedSecret *ss;

  uint32_t sequence_number;
};


struct SenderAddress;

struct ReceiverAddress;

struct SharedSecret
{
  struct SharedSecret *next;

  struct SharedSecret *prev;

  struct KeyCacheEntry *kce_head;

  struct KeyCacheEntry *kce_tail;

  struct SenderAddress *sender;

  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver;

  struct GNUNET_HashCode master;

  struct GNUNET_HashCode cmac;

  uint32_t sequence_used;

  uint32_t sequence_allowed;

  unsigned int active_kce_count;
};


struct SenderAddress
{

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity target;

  struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_HeapNode *hn;

  struct SharedSecret *ss_head;

  struct SharedSecret *ss_tail;

  struct sockaddr *address;

  socklen_t address_len;

  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute timeout;

  unsigned int num_secrets;

  enum GNUNET_NetworkType nt;
};


struct ReceiverAddress
{

  struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity target;

  struct SharedSecret *ss_head;

  struct SharedSecret *ss_tail;

  char *foreign_addr;

  struct sockaddr *address;

  socklen_t address_len;

  struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_HeapNode *hn;

  struct GNUNET_MQ_Handle *mq;

  struct GNUNET_TRANSPORT_QueueHandle *qh;

  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute timeout;

  size_t mtu;

  unsigned int num_secrets;

  unsigned int acks_available;

  enum GNUNET_NetworkType nt;
};


struct BroadcastInterface
{

  struct BroadcastInterface *next;

  struct BroadcastInterface *prev;

  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *broadcast_task;

  struct sockaddr *sa;

  struct sockaddr *ba;

  struct UDPBroadcast bcm;

  struct ipv6_mreq mcreq;

  socklen_t salen;

  int found;
};


static struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_MultiShortmap *key_cache;

static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *read_task;

static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *timeout_task;

static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *broadcast_task;

static struct GNUNET_STATISTICS_Handle *stats;

static struct GNUNET_TRANSPORT_CommunicatorHandle *ch;

static struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_MultiPeerMap *receivers;

static struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_MultiPeerMap *senders;

static struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_Heap *senders_heap;

static struct GNUNET_CONTAINER_Heap *receivers_heap;

static struct BroadcastInterface *bi_head;

static struct BroadcastInterface *bi_tail;

static struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *udp_sock;

static int have_v6_socket;

static struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity my_identity;

static struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey *my_private_key;

static const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg;

static struct GNUNET_TRANSPORT_ApplicationHandle *ah;

static struct GNUNET_NT_InterfaceScanner *is;

static struct GNUNET_NAT_Handle *nat;

static uint16_t my_port;


static void
bi_destroy (struct BroadcastInterface *bi)
{
  if (AF_INET6 == bi->sa->sa_family)
  {
    /* Leave the multicast group */
    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_setsockopt (udp_sock,
                                                       IPPROTO_IPV6,
                                                       IPV6_LEAVE_GROUP,
                                                       &bi->mcreq,
                                                       sizeof (bi->mcreq)))
    {
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "setsockopt");
    }
  }
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (bi_head, bi_tail, bi);
  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (bi->broadcast_task);
  GNUNET_free (bi->sa);
  GNUNET_free_non_null (bi->ba);
  GNUNET_free (bi);
}


static void
receiver_destroy (struct ReceiverAddress *receiver)
{
  struct GNUNET_MQ_Handle *mq;

  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
              "Disconnecting receiver for peer `%s'\n",
              GNUNET_i2s (&receiver->target));
  if (NULL != (mq = receiver->mq))
  {
    receiver->mq = NULL;
    GNUNET_MQ_destroy (mq);
  }
  if (NULL != receiver->qh)
  {
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_mq_del (receiver->qh);
    receiver->qh = NULL;
  }
  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_YES ==
                 GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_remove (receivers,
                                                       &receiver->target,
                                                       receiver));
  GNUNET_assert (receiver == GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_remove_node (receiver->hn));
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# receivers active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_size (receivers),
                         GNUNET_NO);
  GNUNET_free (receiver->address);
  GNUNET_free (receiver->foreign_addr);
  GNUNET_free (receiver);
}


static void
kce_destroy (struct KeyCacheEntry *kce)
{
  struct SharedSecret *ss = kce->ss;

  ss->active_kce_count--;
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (ss->kce_head, ss->kce_tail, kce);
  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_remove (key_cache,
                                                                      &kce->kid,
                                                                      kce));
  GNUNET_free (kce);
}


static void
get_kid (const struct GNUNET_HashCode *msec,
         uint32_t serial,
         struct GNUNET_ShortHashCode *kid)
{
  uint32_t sid = htonl (serial);

  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hkdf (kid,
                      sizeof (*kid),
                      GCRY_MD_SHA512,
                      GCRY_MD_SHA256,
                      &sid,
                      sizeof (sid),
                      msec,
                      sizeof (*msec),
                      "UDP-KID",
                      strlen ("UDP-KID"),
                      NULL,
                      0);
}


static void
kce_generate (struct SharedSecret *ss, uint32_t seq)
{
  struct KeyCacheEntry *kce;

  GNUNET_assert (0 < seq);
  kce = GNUNET_new (struct KeyCacheEntry);
  kce->ss = ss;
  kce->sequence_number = seq;
  get_kid (&ss->master, seq, &kce->kid);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (ss->kce_head, ss->kce_tail, kce);
  ss->active_kce_count++;
  (void) GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_put (
    key_cache,
    &kce->kid,
    kce,
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_MULTIHASHMAPOPTION_MULTIPLE);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# KIDs active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_size (key_cache),
                         GNUNET_NO);
}


static void
secret_destroy (struct SharedSecret *ss)
{
  struct SenderAddress *sender;
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver;
  struct KeyCacheEntry *kce;

  if (NULL != (sender = ss->sender))
  {
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (sender->ss_head, sender->ss_tail, ss);
    sender->num_secrets--;
  }
  if (NULL != (receiver = ss->receiver))
  {
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (receiver->ss_head, receiver->ss_tail, ss);
    receiver->num_secrets--;
    receiver->acks_available -= (ss->sequence_allowed - ss->sequence_used);
  }
  while (NULL != (kce = ss->kce_head))
    kce_destroy (kce);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats, "# Secrets active", -1, GNUNET_NO);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# KIDs active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_size (key_cache),
                         GNUNET_NO);
  GNUNET_free (ss);
}


static void
sender_destroy (struct SenderAddress *sender)
{
  GNUNET_assert (
    GNUNET_YES ==
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_remove (senders, &sender->target, sender));
  GNUNET_assert (sender == GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_remove_node (sender->hn));
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# senders active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_size (senders),
                         GNUNET_NO);
  GNUNET_free (sender->address);
  GNUNET_free (sender);
}


static void
get_iv_key (const struct GNUNET_HashCode *msec,
            uint32_t serial,
            char key[AES_KEY_SIZE],
            char iv[AES_IV_SIZE])
{
  uint32_t sid = htonl (serial);
  char res[AES_KEY_SIZE + AES_IV_SIZE];

  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hkdf (res,
                      sizeof (res),
                      GCRY_MD_SHA512,
                      GCRY_MD_SHA256,
                      &sid,
                      sizeof (sid),
                      msec,
                      sizeof (*msec),
                      "UDP-IV-KEY",
                      strlen ("UDP-IV-KEY"),
                      NULL,
                      0);
  memcpy (key, res, AES_KEY_SIZE);
  memcpy (iv, &res[AES_KEY_SIZE], AES_IV_SIZE);
}


static void
reschedule_sender_timeout (struct SenderAddress *sender)
{
  sender->timeout =
    GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (GNUNET_CONSTANTS_IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_update_cost (sender->hn, sender->timeout.abs_value_us);
}


static void
reschedule_receiver_timeout (struct ReceiverAddress *receiver)
{
  receiver->timeout =
    GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (GNUNET_CONSTANTS_IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_update_cost (receiver->hn,
                                     receiver->timeout.abs_value_us);
}


static void
check_timeouts (void *cls)
{
  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative st;
  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative rt;
  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay;
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver;
  struct SenderAddress *sender;

  (void) cls;
  timeout_task = NULL;
  rt = GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL;
  while (NULL != (receiver = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_peek (receivers_heap)))
  {
    rt = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (receiver->timeout);
    if (0 != rt.rel_value_us)
      break;
    receiver_destroy (receiver);
  }
  st = GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL;
  while (NULL != (sender = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_peek (senders_heap)))
  {
    st = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (sender->timeout);
    if (0 != st.rel_value_us)
      break;
    sender_destroy (sender);
  }
  delay = GNUNET_TIME_relative_min (rt, st);
  if (delay.rel_value_us < GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL.rel_value_us)
    timeout_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_delayed (delay, &check_timeouts, NULL);
}


static void
calculate_cmac (struct SharedSecret *ss)
{
  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hkdf (&ss->cmac,
                      sizeof (ss->cmac),
                      GCRY_MD_SHA512,
                      GCRY_MD_SHA256,
                      "CMAC",
                      strlen ("CMAC"),
                      &ss->master,
                      sizeof (ss->master),
                      "UDP-CMAC",
                      strlen ("UDP-CMAC"),
                      NULL,
                      0);
}


static void
pass_plaintext_to_core (struct SenderAddress *sender,
                        const void *plaintext,
                        size_t plaintext_len)
{
  const struct GNUNET_MessageHeader *hdr = plaintext;

  while (ntohs (hdr->size) < plaintext_len)
  {
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                              "# bytes given to core",
                              ntohs (hdr->size),
                              GNUNET_NO);
    (void)
      GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_receive (ch,
                                             &sender->target,
                                             hdr,
                                             ADDRESS_VALIDITY_PERIOD,
                                             NULL /* no flow control possible */
                                             ,
                                             NULL);
    /* move on to next message, if any */
    plaintext_len -= ntohs (hdr->size);
    if (plaintext_len < sizeof (*hdr))
      break;
    hdr = plaintext + ntohs (hdr->size);
  }
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                            "# bytes padding discarded",
                            plaintext_len,
                            GNUNET_NO);
}


static void
setup_cipher (const struct GNUNET_HashCode *msec,
              uint32_t serial,
              gcry_cipher_hd_t *cipher)
{
  char key[AES_KEY_SIZE];
  char iv[AES_IV_SIZE];

  gcry_cipher_open (cipher,
                    GCRY_CIPHER_AES256 /* low level: go for speed */,
                    GCRY_CIPHER_MODE_GCM,
                    0 /* flags */);
  get_iv_key (msec, serial, key, iv);
  gcry_cipher_setkey (*cipher, key, sizeof (key));
  gcry_cipher_setiv (*cipher, iv, sizeof (iv));
}


static int
try_decrypt (const struct SharedSecret *ss,
             const char tag[GCM_TAG_SIZE],
             uint32_t serial,
             const char *in_buf,
             size_t in_buf_size,
             char *out_buf)
{
  gcry_cipher_hd_t cipher;

  setup_cipher (&ss->master, serial, &cipher);
  GNUNET_assert (
    0 ==
    gcry_cipher_decrypt (cipher, out_buf, in_buf_size, in_buf, in_buf_size));
  if (0 != gcry_cipher_checktag (cipher, tag, GCM_TAG_SIZE))
  {
    gcry_cipher_close (cipher);
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                              "# AEAD authentication failures",
                              1,
                              GNUNET_NO);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }
  gcry_cipher_close (cipher);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


static struct SharedSecret *
setup_shared_secret_dec (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePublicKey *ephemeral)
{
  struct SharedSecret *ss;

  ss = GNUNET_new (struct SharedSecret);
  GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_ecdh (my_private_key, ephemeral, &ss->master);
  return ss;
}


static struct SharedSecret *
setup_shared_secret_enc (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePrivateKey *ephemeral,
                         struct ReceiverAddress *receiver)
{
  struct SharedSecret *ss;

  ss = GNUNET_new (struct SharedSecret);
  GNUNET_CRYPTO_ecdh_eddsa (ephemeral,
                            &receiver->target.public_key,
                            &ss->master);
  calculate_cmac (ss);
  ss->receiver = receiver;
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (receiver->ss_head, receiver->ss_tail, ss);
  receiver->num_secrets++;
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats, "# Secrets active", 1, GNUNET_NO);
  return ss;
}


static void
setup_receiver_mq (struct ReceiverAddress *receiver);


static int
handle_ack (void *cls, const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *pid, void *value)
{
  const struct UDPAck *ack = cls;
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver = value;

  (void) pid;
  for (struct SharedSecret *ss = receiver->ss_head; NULL != ss; ss = ss->next)
  {
    if (0 == memcmp (&ack->cmac, &ss->cmac, sizeof (struct GNUNET_HashCode)))
    {
      uint32_t allowed;

      allowed = ntohl (ack->sequence_max);

      if (allowed > ss->sequence_allowed)
      {
        receiver->acks_available += (allowed - ss->sequence_allowed);
        if ((allowed - ss->sequence_allowed) == receiver->acks_available)
        {
          /* we just incremented from zero => MTU change! */
          setup_receiver_mq (receiver);
        }
        ss->sequence_allowed = allowed;
        /* move ss to head to avoid discarding it anytime soon! */
        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (receiver->ss_head, receiver->ss_tail, ss);
        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (receiver->ss_head, receiver->ss_tail, ss);
      }
      return GNUNET_NO;
    }
  }
  return GNUNET_YES;
}


static void
try_handle_plaintext (struct SenderAddress *sender,
                      const void *buf,
                      size_t buf_size)
{
  const struct GNUNET_MessageHeader *hdr =
    (const struct GNUNET_MessageHeader *) buf;
  const struct UDPAck *ack = (const struct UDPAck *) buf;
  uint16_t type;

  if (sizeof (*hdr) > buf_size)
    return; /* not even a header */
  if (ntohs (hdr->size) > buf_size)
    return; /* not even a header */
  type = ntohs (hdr->type);
  switch (type)
  {
  case GNUNET_MESSAGE_TYPE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_ACK:
    /* lookup master secret by 'cmac', then update sequence_max */
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_get_multiple (receivers,
                                                &sender->target,
                                                &handle_ack,
                                                (void *) ack);
    /* There could be more messages after the ACK, handle those as well */
    buf += ntohs (hdr->size);
    buf_size -= ntohs (hdr->size);
    pass_plaintext_to_core (sender, buf, buf_size);
    break;
  case GNUNET_MESSAGE_TYPE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_PAD:
    /* skip padding */
    break;
  default:
    pass_plaintext_to_core (sender, buf, buf_size);
  }
}


static void
consider_ss_ack (struct SharedSecret *ss)
{
  GNUNET_assert (NULL != ss->sender);
  /* drop ancient KeyCacheEntries */
  while ((NULL != ss->kce_head) &&
         (MAX_SQN_DELTA <
          ss->kce_head->sequence_number - ss->kce_tail->sequence_number))
    kce_destroy (ss->kce_tail);
  if (ss->active_kce_count < KCN_THRESHOLD)
  {
    struct UDPAck ack;

    while (ss->active_kce_count < KCN_TARGET)
      kce_generate (ss, ++ss->sequence_allowed);
    ack.header.type = htons (GNUNET_MESSAGE_TYPE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_ACK);
    ack.header.size = htons (sizeof (ack));
    ack.sequence_max = htonl (ss->sequence_allowed);
    ack.cmac = ss->cmac;
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_notify (ch,
                                          &ss->sender->target,
                                          COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX,
                                          &ack.header);
  }
}


static void
decrypt_box (const struct UDPBox *box,
             size_t box_len,
             struct KeyCacheEntry *kce)
{
  struct SharedSecret *ss = kce->ss;
  char out_buf[box_len - sizeof (*box)];

  GNUNET_assert (NULL != ss->sender);
  if (GNUNET_OK != try_decrypt (ss,
                                box->gcm_tag,
                                kce->sequence_number,
                                (const char *) &box[1],
                                sizeof (out_buf),
                                out_buf))
  {
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                              "# Decryption failures with valid KCE",
                              1,
                              GNUNET_NO);
    kce_destroy (kce);
    return;
  }
  kce_destroy (kce);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                            "# bytes decrypted with BOX",
                            sizeof (out_buf),
                            GNUNET_NO);
  try_handle_plaintext (ss->sender, out_buf, sizeof (out_buf));
  consider_ss_ack (ss);
}


struct SearchContext
{
  const struct sockaddr *address;

  socklen_t address_len;

  struct SenderAddress *sender;
};


static int
find_sender_by_address (void *cls,
                        const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *key,
                        void *value)
{
  struct SearchContext *sc = cls;
  struct SenderAddress *sender = value;

  if ((sender->address_len == sc->address_len) &&
      (0 == memcmp (sender->address, sc->address, sender->address_len)))
  {
    sc->sender = sender;
    return GNUNET_NO; /* stop iterating! */
  }
  return GNUNET_YES;
}


static struct SenderAddress *
setup_sender (const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *target,
              const struct sockaddr *address,
              socklen_t address_len)
{
  struct SenderAddress *sender;
  struct SearchContext sc = {.address = address,
                             .address_len = address_len,
                             .sender = NULL};

  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_get_multiple (senders,
                                              target,
                                              &find_sender_by_address,
                                              &sc);
  if (NULL != sc.sender)
  {
    reschedule_sender_timeout (sc.sender);
    return sc.sender;
  }
  sender = GNUNET_new (struct SenderAddress);
  sender->target = *target;
  sender->address = GNUNET_memdup (address, address_len);
  sender->address_len = address_len;
  (void) GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_put (
    senders,
    &sender->target,
    sender,
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_MULTIHASHMAPOPTION_MULTIPLE);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# senders active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_size (receivers),
                         GNUNET_NO);
  sender->timeout =
    GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (GNUNET_CONSTANTS_IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
  sender->hn = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_insert (senders_heap,
                                             sender,
                                             sender->timeout.abs_value_us);
  sender->nt = GNUNET_NT_scanner_get_type (is, address, address_len);
  if (NULL == timeout_task)
    timeout_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&check_timeouts, NULL);
  return sender;
}


static int
verify_confirmation (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePublicKey *ephemeral,
                     const struct UDPConfirmation *uc)
{
  struct UdpHandshakeSignature uhs;

  uhs.purpose.purpose = htonl (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_HANDSHAKE);
  uhs.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (uhs));
  uhs.sender = uc->sender;
  uhs.receiver = my_identity;
  uhs.ephemeral = *ephemeral;
  uhs.monotonic_time = uc->monotonic_time;
  return GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_verify (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_HANDSHAKE,
                                     &uhs.purpose,
                                     &uc->sender_sig,
                                     &uc->sender.public_key);
}


static char *
sockaddr_to_udpaddr_string (const struct sockaddr *address,
                            socklen_t address_len)
{
  char *ret;

  switch (address->sa_family)
  {
  case AF_INET:
    GNUNET_asprintf (&ret,
                     "%s-%s",
                     COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX,
                     GNUNET_a2s (address, address_len));
    break;
  case AF_INET6:
    GNUNET_asprintf (&ret,
                     "%s-%s",
                     COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX,
                     GNUNET_a2s (address, address_len));
    break;
  default:
    GNUNET_assert (0);
  }
  return ret;
}


static void
sock_read (void *cls)
{
  struct sockaddr_storage sa;
  socklen_t salen = sizeof (sa);
  char buf[UINT16_MAX];
  ssize_t rcvd;

  (void) cls;
  read_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_net (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
                                             udp_sock,
                                             &sock_read,
                                             NULL);
  rcvd = GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_recvfrom (udp_sock,
                                         buf,
                                         sizeof (buf),
                                         (struct sockaddr *) &sa,
                                         &salen);
  if (-1 == rcvd)
  {
    GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG, "recv");
    return;
  }

  /* first, see if it is a UDPBox */
  if (rcvd > sizeof (struct UDPBox))
  {
    const struct UDPBox *box;
    struct KeyCacheEntry *kce;

    box = (const struct UDPBox *) buf;
    kce = GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_get (key_cache, &box->kid);
    if (NULL != kce)
    {
      decrypt_box (box, (size_t) rcvd, kce);
      return;
    }
  }

  /* next, check if it is a broadcast */
  if (sizeof (struct UDPBroadcast) == rcvd)
  {
    const struct UDPBroadcast *ub;
    struct UdpBroadcastSignature uhs;

    ub = (const struct UDPBroadcast *) buf;
    uhs.purpose.purpose = htonl (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_BROADCAST);
    uhs.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (uhs));
    uhs.sender = ub->sender;
    GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash (&sa, salen, &uhs.h_address);
    if (GNUNET_OK ==
        GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_verify (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_BROADCAST,
                                    &uhs.purpose,
                                    &ub->sender_sig,
                                    &ub->sender.public_key))
    {
      char *addr_s;
      enum GNUNET_NetworkType nt;

      addr_s =
        sockaddr_to_udpaddr_string ((const struct sockaddr *) &sa, salen);
      GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats, "# broadcasts received", 1, GNUNET_NO);
      /* use our own mechanism to determine network type */
      nt =
        GNUNET_NT_scanner_get_type (is, (const struct sockaddr *) &sa, salen);
      GNUNET_TRANSPORT_application_validate (ah, &ub->sender, nt, addr_s);
      GNUNET_free (addr_s);
      return;
    }
    /* continue with KX, mostly for statistics... */
  }


  /* finally, test if it is a KX */
  if (rcvd < sizeof (struct UDPConfirmation) + sizeof (struct InitialKX))
  {
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                              "# messages dropped (no kid, too small for KX)",
                              1,
                              GNUNET_NO);
    return;
  }

  {
    const struct InitialKX *kx;
    struct SharedSecret *ss;
    char pbuf[rcvd - sizeof (struct InitialKX)];
    const struct UDPConfirmation *uc;
    struct SenderAddress *sender;

    kx = (const struct InitialKX *) buf;
    ss = setup_shared_secret_dec (&kx->ephemeral);
    if (GNUNET_OK != try_decrypt (ss,
                                  kx->gcm_tag,
                                  0,
                                  &buf[sizeof (*kx)],
                                  sizeof (pbuf),
                                  pbuf))
    {
      GNUNET_free (ss);
      GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (
        stats,
        "# messages dropped (no kid, AEAD decryption failed)",
        1,
        GNUNET_NO);
      return;
    }
    uc = (const struct UDPConfirmation *) pbuf;
    if (GNUNET_OK != verify_confirmation (&kx->ephemeral, uc))
    {
      GNUNET_break_op (0);
      GNUNET_free (ss);
      GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                                "# messages dropped (sender signature invalid)",
                                1,
                                GNUNET_NO);
      return;
    }
    calculate_cmac (ss);
    sender = setup_sender (&uc->sender, (const struct sockaddr *) &sa, salen);
    ss->sender = sender;
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (sender->ss_head, sender->ss_tail, ss);
    sender->num_secrets++;
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats, "# Secrets active", 1, GNUNET_NO);
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_update (stats,
                              "# messages decrypted without BOX",
                              1,
                              GNUNET_NO);
    try_handle_plaintext (sender, &uc[1], sizeof (pbuf) - sizeof (*uc));
    consider_ss_ack (ss);
    if (sender->num_secrets > MAX_SECRETS)
      secret_destroy (sender->ss_tail);
  }
}


static struct sockaddr *
udp_address_to_sockaddr (const char *bindto, socklen_t *sock_len)
{
  struct sockaddr *in;
  unsigned int port;
  char dummy[2];
  char *colon;
  char *cp;

  if (1 == SSCANF (bindto, "%u%1s", &port, dummy))
  {
    /* interpreting value as just a PORT number */
    if (port > UINT16_MAX)
    {
      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                  "BINDTO specification `%s' invalid: value too large for port\n",
                  bindto);
      return NULL;
    }
    if ((GNUNET_NO == GNUNET_NETWORK_test_pf (PF_INET6)) ||
        (GNUNET_YES ==
         GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_yesno (cfg,
                                               COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                                               "DISABLE_V6")))
    {
      struct sockaddr_in *i4;

      i4 = GNUNET_malloc (sizeof (struct sockaddr_in));
      i4->sin_family = AF_INET;
      i4->sin_port = htons ((uint16_t) port);
      *sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
      in = (struct sockaddr *) i4;
    }
    else
    {
      struct sockaddr_in6 *i6;

      i6 = GNUNET_malloc (sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6));
      i6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
      i6->sin6_port = htons ((uint16_t) port);
      *sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6);
      in = (struct sockaddr *) i6;
    }
    return in;
  }
  cp = GNUNET_strdup (bindto);
  colon = strrchr (cp, ':');
  if (NULL != colon)
  {
    /* interpet value after colon as port */
    *colon = '\0';
    colon++;
    if (1 == SSCANF (colon, "%u%1s", &port, dummy))
    {
      /* interpreting value as just a PORT number */
      if (port > UINT16_MAX)
      {
        GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                    "BINDTO specification `%s' invalid: value too large for port\n",
                    bindto);
        GNUNET_free (cp);
        return NULL;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      GNUNET_log (
        GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
        "BINDTO specification `%s' invalid: last ':' not followed by number\n",
        bindto);
      GNUNET_free (cp);
      return NULL;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    /* interpret missing port as 0, aka pick any free one */
    port = 0;
  }
  {
    /* try IPv4 */
    struct sockaddr_in v4;

    if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET, cp, &v4))
    {
      v4.sin_port = htons ((uint16_t) port);
      in = GNUNET_memdup (&v4, sizeof (v4));
      *sock_len = sizeof (v4);
      GNUNET_free (cp);
      return in;
    }
  }
  {
    /* try IPv6 */
    struct sockaddr_in6 v6;
    const char *start;

    start = cp;
    if (('[' == *cp) && (']' == cp[strlen (cp) - 1]))
    {
      start++; /* skip over '[' */
      cp[strlen (cp) - 1] = '\0'; /* eat ']' */
    }
    if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET6, start, &v6))
    {
      v6.sin6_port = htons ((uint16_t) port);
      in = GNUNET_memdup (&v6, sizeof (v6));
      *sock_len = sizeof (v6);
      GNUNET_free (cp);
      return in;
    }
  }
  /* #5528 FIXME (feature!): maybe also try getnameinfo()? */
  GNUNET_free (cp);
  return NULL;
}


static void
do_pad (gcry_cipher_hd_t out_cipher, char *dgram, size_t pad_size)
{
  char pad[pad_size];

  GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, pad, sizeof (pad));
  if (sizeof (pad) > sizeof (struct GNUNET_MessageHeader))
  {
    struct GNUNET_MessageHeader hdr =
      {.size = htons (sizeof (pad)),
       .type = htons (GNUNET_MESSAGE_TYPE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_PAD)};

    memcpy (pad, &hdr, sizeof (hdr));
  }
  GNUNET_assert (
    0 ==
    gcry_cipher_encrypt (out_cipher, dgram, sizeof (pad), pad, sizeof (pad)));
}


static void
mq_send (struct GNUNET_MQ_Handle *mq,
         const struct GNUNET_MessageHeader *msg,
         void *impl_state)
{
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver = impl_state;
  uint16_t msize = ntohs (msg->size);

  GNUNET_assert (mq == receiver->mq);
  if (msize > receiver->mtu)
  {
    GNUNET_break (0);
    receiver_destroy (receiver);
    return;
  }
  reschedule_receiver_timeout (receiver);

  if (0 == receiver->acks_available)
  {
    /* use KX encryption method */
    struct UdpHandshakeSignature uhs;
    struct UDPConfirmation uc;
    struct InitialKX kx;
    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePrivateKey epriv;
    char dgram[receiver->mtu + sizeof (uc) + sizeof (kx)];
    size_t dpos;
    gcry_cipher_hd_t out_cipher;
    struct SharedSecret *ss;

    /* setup key material */
    GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK == GNUNET_CRYPTO_ecdhe_key_create2 (&epriv));

    ss = setup_shared_secret_enc (&epriv, receiver);
    setup_cipher (&ss->master, 0, &out_cipher);
    /* compute 'uc' */
    uc.sender = my_identity;
    uc.monotonic_time =
      GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_monotonic (cfg));
    uhs.purpose.purpose = htonl (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_HANDSHAKE);
    uhs.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (uhs));
    uhs.sender = my_identity;
    uhs.receiver = receiver->target;
    GNUNET_CRYPTO_ecdhe_key_get_public (&epriv, &uhs.ephemeral);
    uhs.monotonic_time = uc.monotonic_time;
    GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK == GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_sign (my_private_key,
                                                          &uhs.purpose,
                                                          &uc.sender_sig));
    /* Leave space for kx */
    dpos = sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdhePublicKey);
    /* Append encrypted uc to dgram */
    GNUNET_assert (0 == gcry_cipher_encrypt (out_cipher,
                                             &dgram[dpos],
                                             sizeof (uc),
                                             &uc,
                                             sizeof (uc)));
    dpos += sizeof (uc);
    /* Append encrypted payload to dgram */
    GNUNET_assert (
      0 == gcry_cipher_encrypt (out_cipher, &dgram[dpos], msize, msg, msize));
    dpos += msize;
    do_pad (out_cipher, &dgram[dpos], sizeof (dgram) - dpos);
    /* Datagram starts with kx */
    kx.ephemeral = uhs.ephemeral;
    GNUNET_assert (
      0 == gcry_cipher_gettag (out_cipher, kx.gcm_tag, sizeof (kx.gcm_tag)));
    gcry_cipher_close (out_cipher);
    memcpy (dgram, &kx, sizeof (kx));
    if (-1 == GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_sendto (udp_sock,
                                            dgram,
                                            sizeof (dgram),
                                            receiver->address,
                                            receiver->address_len))
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "send");
    GNUNET_MQ_impl_send_continue (mq);
    return;
  } /* End of KX encryption method */

  /* begin "BOX" encryption method, scan for ACKs from tail! */
  for (struct SharedSecret *ss = receiver->ss_tail; NULL != ss; ss = ss->prev)
  {
    if (ss->sequence_used < ss->sequence_allowed)
    {
      char dgram[sizeof (struct UDPBox) + receiver->mtu];
      struct UDPBox *box;
      gcry_cipher_hd_t out_cipher;
      size_t dpos;

      box = (struct UDPBox *) dgram;
      ss->sequence_used++;
      get_kid (&ss->master, ss->sequence_used, &box->kid);
      setup_cipher (&ss->master, ss->sequence_used, &out_cipher);
      /* Append encrypted payload to dgram */
      dpos = sizeof (struct UDPBox);
      GNUNET_assert (
        0 == gcry_cipher_encrypt (out_cipher, &dgram[dpos], msize, msg, msize));
      dpos += msize;
      do_pad (out_cipher, &dgram[dpos], sizeof (dgram) - dpos);
      GNUNET_assert (0 == gcry_cipher_gettag (out_cipher,
                                              box->gcm_tag,
                                              sizeof (box->gcm_tag)));
      gcry_cipher_close (out_cipher);
      if (-1 == GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_sendto (udp_sock,
                                              dgram,
                                              sizeof (dgram),
                                              receiver->address,
                                              receiver->address_len))
        GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "send");
      GNUNET_MQ_impl_send_continue (mq);
      receiver->acks_available--;
      if (0 == receiver->acks_available)
      {
        /* We have no more ACKs => MTU change! */
        setup_receiver_mq (receiver);
      }
      return;
    }
  }
  GNUNET_assert (0);
}


static void
mq_destroy (struct GNUNET_MQ_Handle *mq, void *impl_state)
{
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver = impl_state;

  if (mq == receiver->mq)
  {
    receiver->mq = NULL;
    receiver_destroy (receiver);
  }
}


static void
mq_cancel (struct GNUNET_MQ_Handle *mq, void *impl_state)
{
  /* Cancellation is impossible with UDP; bail */
  GNUNET_assert (0);
}


static void
mq_error (void *cls, enum GNUNET_MQ_Error error)
{
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver = cls;

  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
              "MQ error in queue to %s: %d\n",
              GNUNET_i2s (&receiver->target),
              (int) error);
  receiver_destroy (receiver);
}


static void
setup_receiver_mq (struct ReceiverAddress *receiver)
{
  size_t base_mtu;

  if (NULL != receiver->qh)
  {
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_mq_del (receiver->qh);
    receiver->qh = NULL;
  }
  GNUNET_assert (NULL == receiver->mq);
  switch (receiver->address->sa_family)
  {
  case AF_INET:
    base_mtu = 1480 /* Ethernet MTU, 1500 - Ethernet header - VLAN tag */
               - sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_IPv4Header) /* 20 */
               - sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_UdpHeader) /* 8 */;
    break;
  case AF_INET6:
    base_mtu = 1280 /* Minimum MTU required by IPv6 */
               - sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_IPv6Header) /* 40 */
               - sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_UdpHeader) /* 8 */;
    break;
  default:
    GNUNET_assert (0);
    break;
  }
  if (0 == receiver->acks_available)
  {
    /* MTU based on full KX messages */
    receiver->mtu = base_mtu - sizeof (struct InitialKX) /* 48 */
                    - sizeof (struct UDPConfirmation); /* 104 */
  }
  else
  {
    /* MTU based on BOXed messages */
    receiver->mtu = base_mtu - sizeof (struct UDPBox);
  }
  /* => Effective MTU for CORE will range from 1080 (IPv6 + KX) to
     1404 (IPv4 + Box) bytes, depending on circumstances... */
  if (NULL == receiver->mq)
    receiver->mq = GNUNET_MQ_queue_for_callbacks (&mq_send,
                                                  &mq_destroy,
                                                  &mq_cancel,
                                                  receiver,
                                                  NULL,
                                                  &mq_error,
                                                  receiver);
  receiver->qh =
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_mq_add (ch,
                                          &receiver->target,
                                          receiver->foreign_addr,
                                          receiver->mtu,
                                          receiver->nt,
                                          GNUNET_TRANSPORT_CS_OUTBOUND,
                                          receiver->mq);
}


static int
mq_init (void *cls, const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *peer, const char *address)
{
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver;
  const char *path;
  struct sockaddr *in;
  socklen_t in_len;

  if (0 != strncmp (address,
                    COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX "-",
                    strlen (COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX "-")))
  {
    GNUNET_break_op (0);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }
  path = &address[strlen (COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX "-")];
  in = udp_address_to_sockaddr (path, &in_len);

  receiver = GNUNET_new (struct ReceiverAddress);
  receiver->address = in;
  receiver->address_len = in_len;
  receiver->target = *peer;
  receiver->nt = GNUNET_NT_scanner_get_type (is, in, in_len);
  (void) GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_put (
    receivers,
    &receiver->target,
    receiver,
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_MULTIHASHMAPOPTION_MULTIPLE);
  receiver->timeout =
    GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (GNUNET_CONSTANTS_IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
  receiver->hn = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_insert (receivers_heap,
                                               receiver,
                                               receiver->timeout.abs_value_us);
  GNUNET_STATISTICS_set (stats,
                         "# receivers active",
                         GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_size (receivers),
                         GNUNET_NO);
  receiver->foreign_addr =
    sockaddr_to_udpaddr_string (receiver->address, receiver->address_len);
  setup_receiver_mq (receiver);
  if (NULL == timeout_task)
    timeout_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&check_timeouts, NULL);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


static int
get_receiver_delete_it (void *cls,
                        const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *target,
                        void *value)
{
  struct ReceiverAddress *receiver = value;

  (void) cls;
  (void) target;
  receiver_destroy (receiver);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


static int
get_sender_delete_it (void *cls,
                      const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *target,
                      void *value)
{
  struct SenderAddress *sender = value;

  (void) cls;
  (void) target;
  sender_destroy (sender);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


static void
do_shutdown (void *cls)
{
  if (NULL != nat)
  {
    GNUNET_NAT_unregister (nat);
    nat = NULL;
  }
  while (NULL != bi_head)
    bi_destroy (bi_head);
  if (NULL != broadcast_task)
  {
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (broadcast_task);
    broadcast_task = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != read_task)
  {
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (read_task);
    read_task = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != udp_sock)
  {
    GNUNET_break (GNUNET_OK == GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_close (udp_sock));
    udp_sock = NULL;
  }
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_iterate (receivers,
                                         &get_receiver_delete_it,
                                         NULL);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_destroy (receivers);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_iterate (senders, &get_sender_delete_it, NULL);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_destroy (senders);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_destroy (key_cache);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_destroy (senders_heap);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_destroy (receivers_heap);
  if (NULL != ch)
  {
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_disconnect (ch);
    ch = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != ah)
  {
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_application_done (ah);
    ah = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != stats)
  {
    GNUNET_STATISTICS_destroy (stats, GNUNET_NO);
    stats = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != my_private_key)
  {
    GNUNET_free (my_private_key);
    my_private_key = NULL;
  }
  if (NULL != is)
  {
    GNUNET_NT_scanner_done (is);
    is = NULL;
  }
}


static void
enc_notify_cb (void *cls,
               const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *sender,
               const struct GNUNET_MessageHeader *msg)
{
  const struct UDPAck *ack;

  (void) cls;
  if ((ntohs (msg->type) != GNUNET_MESSAGE_TYPE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_ACK) ||
      (ntohs (msg->size) != sizeof (struct UDPAck)))
  {
    GNUNET_break_op (0);
    return;
  }
  ack = (const struct UDPAck *) msg;
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_get_multiple (receivers,
                                              sender,
                                              &handle_ack,
                                              (void *) ack);
}


static void
nat_address_cb (void *cls,
                void **app_ctx,
                int add_remove,
                enum GNUNET_NAT_AddressClass ac,
                const struct sockaddr *addr,
                socklen_t addrlen)
{
  char *my_addr;
  struct GNUNET_TRANSPORT_AddressIdentifier *ai;

  if (GNUNET_YES == add_remove)
  {
    enum GNUNET_NetworkType nt;

    GNUNET_asprintf (&my_addr,
                     "%s-%s",
                     COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX,
                     GNUNET_a2s (addr, addrlen));
    nt = GNUNET_NT_scanner_get_type (is, addr, addrlen);
    ai =
      GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_address_add (ch,
                                                 my_addr,
                                                 nt,
                                                 GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL);
    GNUNET_free (my_addr);
    *app_ctx = ai;
  }
  else
  {
    ai = *app_ctx;
    GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_address_remove (ai);
    *app_ctx = NULL;
  }
}


static void
ifc_broadcast (void *cls)
{
  struct BroadcastInterface *bi = cls;
  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay;

  delay = BROADCAST_FREQUENCY;
  delay.rel_value_us =
    GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, delay.rel_value_us);
  bi->broadcast_task =
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_delayed (INTERFACE_SCAN_FREQUENCY, &ifc_broadcast, bi);

  switch (bi->sa->sa_family)
  {
  case AF_INET: {
    static int yes = 1;
    static int no = 0;
    ssize_t sent;

    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_setsockopt (udp_sock,
                                                       SOL_SOCKET,
                                                       SO_BROADCAST,
                                                       &yes,
                                                       sizeof (int)))
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "setsockopt");
    sent = GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_sendto (udp_sock,
                                         &bi->bcm,
                                         sizeof (bi->bcm),
                                         bi->ba,
                                         bi->salen);
    if (-1 == sent)
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "sendto");
    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_setsockopt (udp_sock,
                                                       SOL_SOCKET,
                                                       SO_BROADCAST,
                                                       &no,
                                                       sizeof (int)))
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "setsockopt");
    break;
  }
  case AF_INET6: {
    ssize_t sent;
    struct sockaddr_in6 dst;

    dst.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    dst.sin6_port = htons (my_port);
    dst.sin6_addr = bi->mcreq.ipv6mr_multiaddr;
    dst.sin6_scope_id = ((struct sockaddr_in6 *) bi->ba)->sin6_scope_id;

    sent = GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_sendto (udp_sock,
                                         &bi->bcm,
                                         sizeof (bi->bcm),
                                         (const struct sockaddr *) &dst,
                                         sizeof (dst));
    if (-1 == sent)
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "sendto");
    break;
  }
  default:
    GNUNET_break (0);
    break;
  }
}


static int
iface_proc (void *cls,
            const char *name,
            int isDefault,
            const struct sockaddr *addr,
            const struct sockaddr *broadcast_addr,
            const struct sockaddr *netmask,
            socklen_t addrlen)
{
  struct BroadcastInterface *bi;
  enum GNUNET_NetworkType network;
  struct UdpBroadcastSignature ubs;

  (void) cls;
  (void) netmask;
  if (NULL == addr)
    return GNUNET_YES; /* need to know our address! */
  network = GNUNET_NT_scanner_get_type (is, addr, addrlen);
  if (GNUNET_NT_LOOPBACK == network)
  {
    /* Broadcasting on loopback does not make sense */
    return GNUNET_YES;
  }
  for (bi = bi_head; NULL != bi; bi = bi->next)
  {
    if ((bi->salen == addrlen) && (0 == memcmp (addr, bi->sa, addrlen)))
    {
      bi->found = GNUNET_YES;
      return GNUNET_OK;
    }
  }

  if ((AF_INET6 == addr->sa_family) && (NULL == broadcast_addr))
    return GNUNET_OK; /* broadcast_addr is required for IPv6! */
  if ((AF_INET6 == addr->sa_family) && (GNUNET_YES != have_v6_socket))
    return GNUNET_OK; /* not using IPv6 */

  bi = GNUNET_new (struct BroadcastInterface);
  bi->sa = GNUNET_memdup (addr, addrlen);
  if (NULL != broadcast_addr)
    bi->ba = GNUNET_memdup (broadcast_addr, addrlen);
  bi->salen = addrlen;
  bi->found = GNUNET_YES;
  bi->bcm.sender = my_identity;
  ubs.purpose.purpose = htonl (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_COMMUNICATOR_UDP_BROADCAST);
  ubs.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (ubs));
  ubs.sender = my_identity;
  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash (addr, addrlen, &ubs.h_address);
  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK == GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_sign (my_private_key,
                                                        &ubs.purpose,
                                                        &bi->bcm.sender_sig));
  bi->broadcast_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&ifc_broadcast, bi);
  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (bi_head, bi_tail, bi);
  if ((AF_INET6 == addr->sa_family) && (NULL != broadcast_addr))
  {
    /* Create IPv6 multicast request */
    const struct sockaddr_in6 *s6 =
      (const struct sockaddr_in6 *) broadcast_addr;

    GNUNET_assert (
      1 == inet_pton (AF_INET6, "FF05::13B", &bi->mcreq.ipv6mr_multiaddr));

    /* http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2553#section-5.2:
     *
     * IPV6_JOIN_GROUP
     *
     * Join a multicast group on a specified local interface.  If the
     * interface index is specified as 0, the kernel chooses the local
     * interface.  For example, some kernels look up the multicast
     * group in the normal IPv6 routing table and using the resulting
     * interface; we do this for each interface, so no need to use
     * zero (anymore...).
     */
    bi->mcreq.ipv6mr_interface = s6->sin6_scope_id;

    /* Join the multicast group */
    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_setsockopt (udp_sock,
                                                       IPPROTO_IPV6,
                                                       IPV6_JOIN_GROUP,
                                                       &bi->mcreq,
                                                       sizeof (bi->mcreq)))
    {
      GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING, "setsockopt");
    }
  }
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


static void
do_broadcast (void *cls)
{
  struct BroadcastInterface *bin;

  (void) cls;
  for (struct BroadcastInterface *bi = bi_head; NULL != bi; bi = bi->next)
    bi->found = GNUNET_NO;
  GNUNET_OS_network_interfaces_list (&iface_proc, NULL);
  for (struct BroadcastInterface *bi = bi_head; NULL != bi; bi = bin)
  {
    bin = bi->next;
    if (GNUNET_NO == bi->found)
      bi_destroy (bi);
  }
  broadcast_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_delayed (INTERFACE_SCAN_FREQUENCY,
                                                 &do_broadcast,
                                                 NULL);
}


static void
run (void *cls,
     char *const *args,
     const char *cfgfile,
     const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *c)
{
  char *bindto;
  struct sockaddr *in;
  socklen_t in_len;
  struct sockaddr_storage in_sto;
  socklen_t sto_len;

  (void) cls;
  cfg = c;
  if (GNUNET_OK !=
      GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_filename (cfg,
                                               COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                                               "BINDTO",
                                               &bindto))
  {
    GNUNET_log_config_missing (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                               COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                               "BINDTO");
    return;
  }

  in = udp_address_to_sockaddr (bindto, &in_len);
  if (NULL == in)
  {
    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                "Failed to setup UDP socket address with path `%s'\n",
                bindto);
    GNUNET_free (bindto);
    return;
  }
  udp_sock =
    GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_create (in->sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
  if (NULL == udp_sock)
  {
    GNUNET_log_strerror (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "socket");
    GNUNET_free (in);
    GNUNET_free (bindto);
    return;
  }
  if (AF_INET6 == in->sa_family)
    have_v6_socket = GNUNET_YES;
  if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_bind (udp_sock, in, in_len))
  {
    GNUNET_log_strerror_file (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "bind", bindto);
    GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_close (udp_sock);
    udp_sock = NULL;
    GNUNET_free (in);
    GNUNET_free (bindto);
    return;
  }
  /* We might have bound to port 0, allowing the OS to figure it out;
     thus, get the real IN-address from the socket */
  sto_len = sizeof (in_sto);
  if (0 != getsockname (GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (udp_sock),
                        (struct sockaddr *) &in_sto,
                        &sto_len))
  {
    memcpy (&in_sto, in, in_len);
    sto_len = in_len;
  }
  GNUNET_free (in);
  GNUNET_free (bindto);
  in = (struct sockaddr *) &in_sto;
  in_len = sto_len;
  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
              "Bound to `%s'\n",
              GNUNET_a2s ((const struct sockaddr *) &in_sto, sto_len));
  switch (in->sa_family)
  {
  case AF_INET:
    my_port = ntohs (((struct sockaddr_in *) in)->sin_port);
    break;
  case AF_INET6:
    my_port = ntohs (((struct sockaddr_in6 *) in)->sin6_port);
    break;
  default:
    GNUNET_break (0);
    my_port = 0;
  }
  stats = GNUNET_STATISTICS_create ("C-UDP", cfg);
  senders = GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_create (32, GNUNET_YES);
  receivers = GNUNET_CONTAINER_multipeermap_create (32, GNUNET_YES);
  senders_heap = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_create (GNUNET_CONTAINER_HEAP_ORDER_MIN);
  receivers_heap =
    GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_create (GNUNET_CONTAINER_HEAP_ORDER_MIN);
  key_cache = GNUNET_CONTAINER_multishortmap_create (1024, GNUNET_YES);
  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_shutdown (&do_shutdown, NULL);
  is = GNUNET_NT_scanner_init ();
  my_private_key = GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_create_from_configuration (cfg);
  if (NULL == my_private_key)
  {
    GNUNET_log (
      GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
      _ (
        "Transport service is lacking key configuration settings. Exiting.\n"));
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
    return;
  }
  GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_get_public (my_private_key, &my_identity.public_key);
  /* start reading */
  read_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_net (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
                                             udp_sock,
                                             &sock_read,
                                             NULL);
  ch = GNUNET_TRANSPORT_communicator_connect (cfg,
                                              COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                                              COMMUNICATOR_ADDRESS_PREFIX,
                                              GNUNET_TRANSPORT_CC_UNRELIABLE,
                                              &mq_init,
                                              NULL,
                                              &enc_notify_cb,
                                              NULL);
  if (NULL == ch)
  {
    GNUNET_break (0);
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
    return;
  }
  ah = GNUNET_TRANSPORT_application_init (cfg);
  if (NULL == ah)
  {
    GNUNET_break (0);
    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
    return;
  }
  /* start broadcasting */
  if (GNUNET_YES !=
      GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_yesno (cfg,
                                            COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                                            "DISABLE_BROADCAST"))
  {
    broadcast_task = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&do_broadcast, NULL);
  }
  nat = GNUNET_NAT_register (cfg,
                             COMMUNICATOR_CONFIG_SECTION,
                             IPPROTO_UDP,
                             1 /* one address */,
                             (const struct sockaddr **) &in,
                             &in_len,
                             &nat_address_cb,
                             NULL /* FIXME: support reversal: #5529 */,
                             NULL /* closure */);
}


int
main (int argc, char *const *argv)
{
  static const struct GNUNET_GETOPT_CommandLineOption options[] = {
    GNUNET_GETOPT_OPTION_END};
  int ret;

  if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_STRINGS_get_utf8_args (argc, argv, &argc, &argv))
    return 2;

  ret = (GNUNET_OK == GNUNET_PROGRAM_run (argc,
                                          argv,
                                          "gnunet-communicator-udp",
                                          _ ("GNUnet UDP communicator"),
                                          options,
                                          &run,
                                          NULL))
          ? 0
          : 1;
  GNUNET_free ((void *) argv);
  return ret;
}


/* end of gnunet-communicator-udp.c */